Journal: The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

Article Title: Comparing preference related to comfort in torque-matched muscle contractions between two different types of functional electrical stimulation pulses in able-bodied participants

doi: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1970882

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimental setup. Isometric contractions of the right biceps brachii muscle during delivery of FES were measured using a dynamometer. The axis of the dynamometer was aligned to the axis of rotation of the elbow joint. A switch was designed to change the stimulator source between MyndMove™ and Compex Motion delivered through the same leads, ensuring consistent electrode placement. Example current pulses for MyndMove™ and Compex Motion are shown in the output stage of the switch, highlighting the difference in shape and amplitude.

Article Snippet: FES delivered with two different stimulators, MyndMoveTM and Compex Motion (Compex, Switzerland), during muscle contractions of high, moderate and low stimulation intensity.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Neurostimulation in People with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials—Part II: Brain Neurostimulation

doi: 10.3390/jcm11040993

Figure Lengend Snippet: Study characteristics of studies on rTMS and tDCS interventions for people with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Article Snippet: Kim et al. (2011) [ ] Korea , OD as per VFSS Inclusions: dysphagia post-brain injury <3 months ago; unilateral hemisphere involvement Exclusion: prior neurological disease; unstable medical condition; severe cognitive impairment; severe aphasia; history of seizures , n = 30 Treatment group 1 (10), 33.3% High frequency rTMS Treatment group 2 (10), 33.3% Low frequency rTMS Sham group (10), 33.3% Sham rTMS , Treatment group 1: Age: 69.8 ± 8.0 50% male Stroke (9), TBI (1) Treatment group 2: Age: 66.4 ± 12.3 66.6% maleStroke (10), TBI (0) Sham group: Age: 68.2 ± 12.6 66.6% male Stroke (9), TBI (1) NS difference between groups. , Procedure: rTMS or sham (Magstim 200) using a figure-eight coil cooled with air Once a day for 20 min on 10 days (5 times a week for 2 weeks) All groups received DT, which included oral and facial sensory training, oral and pharyngeal muscle training, compensatory techniques, and NMES b on pharyngeal muscles during rTMS. Stimulation sites identified by evaluation of MEPs of the bilateral mylohyoid muscles. Treatment group 1: High intensity rTMS Ipsilateral hemisphere hotspot at 100% of each MEP threshold At 5 Hz, for 10 s, and repeated every minute for 20 min (total 1000 pulses) Treatment group 2: Low intensity rTMS Contralesional hemisphere hotspot at 100% MT At 1 Hz for 20 min (total 1200 pulses) Sham group: Similar parameters to high frequency stimulation producing the same noise, but with the coil rotated away from scalp.

Techniques: Medications, Infection, Muscles, Functional Assay, Viscosity, Control, Battery, Activity Assay, Imaging, Biomarker Discovery, Sequencing

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Neurostimulation in People with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials—Part I: Pharyngeal and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

doi: 10.3390/jcm11030776

Figure Lengend Snippet: Study characteristics of studies on NMES and PES interventions for people with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Article Snippet: Lim, et al. [ ] , To investigate the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on post-stroke dysphagia , Procedure: DT: oropharyngeal muscle-strengthening, exercise for range of motion of the neck/tongue, thermal tactile stimulation, Mendelson manoeuvre, and food intake training for 4 weeks Treatment group 1: DT 4 weeks Intensity NR Treatment group 2: DT + rTMS via Magstim 200 (Magstim, Whiteland, UK) Stimulation to pharyngeal motor cortex, contralateral hemisphere 1 Hz stimulation, 100% intensity of resting motor threshold 20 min/day, (total 1200 pulses a day), 5 x week for 2 weeks Treatment group 3: DT + NMES (Vitalstim) 300 ms, 80 Hz (100 ms in interstimulus intervals). Intensity between 7–9 mA, depending on patient compliance Stimulation to supra and infra hyoid region 30 min/day, 5 days/week, 2 weeks , Primary outcomes : VFSS baseline, 2 weeks + 4 weeks post treatment (for semi-solids and liquids) FDS, PTT, PAS. Secondary outcome : N/R , Difference between groups post treatment = NR FDS outcome : For semi-solids all groups improved, no significant difference in pre-post change, between groups For liquids, the rTMS and NMES improved significantly compared to DT, 2 weeks post treatment ( p = 0.016 and p < 0.001, respectively) No significant difference in the change from baseline to the 4th week evaluation among groups ( p = 0.233) PAS outcome : For semi-solids all groups improved, no significant difference in pre-post PAS change, between groups For liquids, the rTMS and NMES improved significantly compared to DT, 2 weeks post treatment ( p = 0.011 and p = 0.014, respectively) No significant difference in the change from baseline to the 4th week evaluation among groups ( p = 0.540).

Techniques: Muscles, Modification, Control, Biomarker Discovery, Reflux, Preserving, Medications, Infection

Journal: Journal of Clinical Medicine

Article Title: Neurostimulation in People with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials—Part I: Pharyngeal and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation

doi: 10.3390/jcm11030776

Figure Lengend Snippet: Outcome of NMES and PES interventions for people with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Article Snippet: Lim, et al. [ ] , To investigate the effect of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on post-stroke dysphagia , Procedure: DT: oropharyngeal muscle-strengthening, exercise for range of motion of the neck/tongue, thermal tactile stimulation, Mendelson manoeuvre, and food intake training for 4 weeks Treatment group 1: DT 4 weeks Intensity NR Treatment group 2: DT + rTMS via Magstim 200 (Magstim, Whiteland, UK) Stimulation to pharyngeal motor cortex, contralateral hemisphere 1 Hz stimulation, 100% intensity of resting motor threshold 20 min/day, (total 1200 pulses a day), 5 x week for 2 weeks Treatment group 3: DT + NMES (Vitalstim) 300 ms, 80 Hz (100 ms in interstimulus intervals). Intensity between 7–9 mA, depending on patient compliance Stimulation to supra and infra hyoid region 30 min/day, 5 days/week, 2 weeks , Primary outcomes : VFSS baseline, 2 weeks + 4 weeks post treatment (for semi-solids and liquids) FDS, PTT, PAS. Secondary outcome : N/R , Difference between groups post treatment = NR FDS outcome : For semi-solids all groups improved, no significant difference in pre-post change, between groups For liquids, the rTMS and NMES improved significantly compared to DT, 2 weeks post treatment ( p = 0.016 and p < 0.001, respectively) No significant difference in the change from baseline to the 4th week evaluation among groups ( p = 0.233) PAS outcome : For semi-solids all groups improved, no significant difference in pre-post PAS change, between groups For liquids, the rTMS and NMES improved significantly compared to DT, 2 weeks post treatment ( p = 0.011 and p = 0.014, respectively) No significant difference in the change from baseline to the 4th week evaluation among groups ( p = 0.540).

Techniques: Muscles, Control, Residue, Infection, Functional Assay, Gentle, CRAfT Assay, Modification, Viscosity, Activation Assay, Produced, Derivative Assay, Activity Assay, Inhibition, Battery, Sequencing